C is a general-purpose, high-level, procedural programming language developed by Dennis Ritchie in 1972 at Bell Laboratories. It is one of the oldest and most widely used programming languages, often referred to as the "mother of all modern languages.
✅ C Language Full Reference Table
📌 1. C Keywords
| Keyword | Description |
|---|---|
| auto | Declares automatic (local) variable |
| break | Exits a loop or switch |
| case | Defines a block in switch-case |
| char | Declares a character data type |
| const | Declares constant value |
| continue | Skips current iteration in loop |
| default | Defines default case in switch |
| do | Starts a do-while loop |
| double | Declares double-precision float |
| else | Defines alternate block in if-else |
| enum | Declares enumerated type |
| extern | Declares external variable or function |
| float | Declares floating-point variable |
| for | Starts a for loop |
| goto | Jumps to a label |
| if | Conditional branching |
| int | Declares integer variable |
| long | Declares long integer |
| register | Declares register variable |
| return | Returns from a function |
| short | Declares short integer |
| signed | Signed data type modifier |
| sizeof | Returns size of data type |
| static | Static storage class |
| struct | Declares structure |
| switch | Switch-case control |
| typedef | Defines new type name |
| union | Declares union |
| unsigned | Unsigned data type modifier |
| void | Declares empty return type |
| volatile | Tells compiler not to optimize |
| while | Starts a while loop |
📌 2. C Data Types
| Data Type | Description |
|---|---|
| int | Integer |
| char | Character |
| float | Floating point |
| double | Double-precision float |
| void | No value |
| short | Short integer |
| long | Long integer |
| signed | Signed type |
| unsigned | Unsigned type |
📌 3. C Operators
| Operator Type | Symbols / Examples |
|---|---|
| Arithmetic | + - * / % |
| Relational | == != > < >= <= |
| Logical | && || ! |
| Assignment | = += -= *= /= %= |
| Bitwise | & | ^ ~ << >> |
| Increment/Decrement | ++ -- |
| Conditional | ?: |
| Comma | , |
| Sizeof | sizeof() |
| Pointer | * (declaration), & (address) |
| Member Access | . and -> |
📌 4. Escape Sequences
| Escape Code | Meaning |
|---|---|
| \n | Newline |
| \t | Tab |
| \\ | Backslash (\) |
| \" | Double quote (") |
| \' | Single quote (') |
| \r | Carriage return |
| \b | Backspace |
| \f | Form feed |
| \a | Alert (beep) |
| \v | Vertical tab |
| \0 | Null character |
📌 5. Special Symbols in C
| Symbol | Purpose |
|---|---|
| ; | Statement terminator |
| { } | Block start and end |
| ( ) | Function and condition grouping |
| [ ] | Array subscript |
| # | Preprocessor directive |
| * | Pointer, multiplication |
| & | Address of operator |
| -> | Access struct member via pointer |
| . | Access struct member |
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