Example: Your First Java Program

// Simple Java program to demonstrate basic structure
public class HelloWorld {
    
    // Main method - entry point of Java program
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        
        // Print "Hello, World!" to console
        System.out.println("Hello, World!");
        
        // Basic variables
        int number = 42;
        String message = "Learning Java";
        
        // Using variables
        System.out.println(message);
        System.out.println("The answer is: " + number);
        
        // Simple calculation
        int sum = 5 + 3;
        System.out.println("5 + 3 = " + sum);
        
        // Conditional statement
        if (number > 10) {
            System.out.println("Number is greater than 10");
        } else {
            System.out.println("Number is 10 or less");
        }
        
        // Loop example
        System.out.println("Counting from 1 to 3:");
        for (int i = 1; i <= 3; i++) {
            System.out.println("Count: " + i);
        }
    }
}

Note: Java is case-sensitive. Every Java program must have a class with a main method. The class name should match the filename (HelloWorld.java). Use proper indentation for readability.